Financial Literacy among millennials in Ciudad Victoria, Tamaulipas, Mexico
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18046/j.estger.2021.160.4021Keywords:
financial literacy, financial knowledge, gender gap, millennialsAbstract
This paper aimed to measure financial literacy among millennials in Ciudad Victoria, Tamaulipas, Mexico; to evaluate three measurement indexes to determine the most convenient and to explore its relationship with some socioeconomic variables. A method based on principal component factor analysis and ordered probit models was employed. The results confirm a significant gender gap persists among the sample analyzed, a positive relationship between training in finance and economics and financial literacy, and that a good model to measure it should evaluate knowledge about inflation, risk diversification, simple interest, and compound interest. These findings can be applied to the design of financial education strategies to promote investment and entrepreneurship among young people, resulting in economic and social development.
Downloads
References
Almenberg, J. y Widmark, O. (2011). Numeracy, financial literacy and participation in asset markets. SSRN Electronic Journal, 1-40. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1756674
Altman, M. (2012). Implications of behavioural economics for financial literacy and public policy. Journal of Socio-Economics, 41(5), 677- 690. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socec.2012.06.002
Antonio, C., Peña, M. y López, C. (2020). Determinantes de la alfabetización financiera. Investigación Administrativa, 49(125), 1-16. https://doi.org/10.35426/iav49n125.05
Arceo, E. y Villagómez, A. (2017). Financial literacy among Mexican high school teenagers. International Review of Economics Education, 24, 1-17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iree.2016.10.001
Atkinson, A. y Messy, F.-A. (2012). Measuring Financial literacy. results of the OECD / International Network on Financial Education (INFE) pilot study. OECD Working Papers on Insurance and Private Pensions. https://dx.doi.org/10.1787/5k9csfs90fr4-en
Bay, C., Catasús, B. y Johed, G. (2014). Situating financial literacy. Critical Perspectives on Accounting, 25(1), 36-45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpa.2012.11.011
Becker, G. (1962). Investment in human capital: A theoretical analysis. Journal of Political Economy, 70(5), 9-49.
Becker, G. (1994). Human capital: A theoretical and empirical analysis with special reference to education (3.a ed). Chicago: The University of Chicago Press. https://www.nber.org/books/beck94-1
Bernheim, B. y Garrett, D. (2003). The effects of financial education in the workplace: Evidence from a survey of households. Journal of Public Economics, 87(7-8), 1487-1519. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0047-2727(01)00184-0
Bernheim, B., Garrett, D. y Maki, D. (2001). Education and saving: The long-term effects of high school financial curriculum mandates. Journal of Public Economics, 80(3), 435-465. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0047-2727(00)00120-1
Boisclair, D., Lusardi, A. y Muchaud, P. (2015). Financial literacy and retirement planning in Canada. Journal of Pension Economics and Finance, 16(3), 277-296. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1474747215000311
Carlin, B., Jiang, L. y Spiller, S. (2017). Millennial-Style learning: Search intensity, decision making, and information sharing. Management Science, 64(7), 3313-3330. https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2016.2689
Carpena, F., Cole, S., Shapiro, J. y Zia, B. (2017). The ABCs of financial education: Experimental evidence on attitudes, behavior, and cognitive biases. Management Science, 65(1), 346-369. https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2017.2819
Cattell, R. (1966). The scree test for the number of factors. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 1(2), 245-276. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327906mbr0102_10
Chen, H. y Volpe, R. (2002). Gender differences in personal financial literacy among college students. Financial Services Review, 11(3), 289-307.
Clark, R., D’Ambrosio, M., McDermed, A. y Sawant, K. (2006). Retirement plans and saving decisions the role of information and education. Journal of Pension Economics and Finance, 5(1), 45-67. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1474747205002271
Consejo Nacional de Población (2017). Proyecciones de la Población 2010-2050. Recuperado el 26 de abril de 2020, de: https://n9.cl/fs6bk
Demirguc-Kunt, A., Klapper, L., Singer, D., Ansar, S. y Hess, J. (2018). The global findex database 2017: Measuring financial inclusion and the fintech revolution. World Bank Group. https://doi.org/10.1596/978-1-4648-1259-0
DeVaney, S. (2015). Understanding the millennial generation. Journal of Financial Service Professionals, 69(6), 11-14.
Fernandes, D., Lynch, J. y Netemeyer, R. (2014). Financial literacy, financial education, and downstream financial behaviors. Management Science, 60(8), 1861-1883. https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2013.1849
Gaskin, C. y Happell, B. (2014). On exploratory factor analysis: A review of recent evidence, an assessment of current practice, and recommendations for future use. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 51(3), 511-521. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2013.10.005
Hasler, A. y Lusardi, A. (2017). The gender gap in financial literacy: A global perspective. Global Financial Literacy Excellence Center. Recuperado el 26 de abril de 2020, de: https://n9.cl/072id
Hung, A., Parker, A. y Yoong, J. (2011). Defining and measuring financial literacy. SSRN Electronic Journal. RAND Working Paper Series WR- 708. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1498674
Huston, S. (2010). Measuring financial literacy. Journal of Consumer Affairs, 44(2), 296-316. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6606.2010.01170.x
Johnson, S. y Larson, S. (2009). ‘Millennials’: Strategies for financial planning with a new generation. Journal of Financial Planning, 22(5), 65-71.
Kaiser, H. (1974). An index of factorial simplicity. Psychometrika, 39(1), 31-36. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02291575
Klapper, L., Lusardi, A. y van Oudheusden, P. (2015). Financial literacy around the world. Standard & Poor’s Ratings Services Global Financial Literracy Survey. Recuperado el 14 de abril de 2020, de: https://n9.cl/nzodj
Liu, J., Zhu, Y., Serapio, M. y Cavusgil, S. (2019). The new generation of millennial entrepreneurs: A review and call for research. International Business Review, 28(5), 101581. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ibusrev.2019.05.001
Lusardi, A. (2019). Financial literacy and the need for financial education: Evidence and implications. Swiss Journal of Economics and Statistics, 155(1), 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41937-019-0027-5
Lusardi, A. y Mitchell, O. (2007). Financial literacy and retirement planning: New Evidence from the Rand American Life Panel. SSRN Electronic Journal, (157), 1-32. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1095869
Lusardi, A. y Mitchell, O. (2011). Financial literacy and planning: implications for retirement wellbeing. NBER Working Paper Series N.o 17078. Cambridge, Massachusetts. Recuperado el 23 de abril de 2020, de: http://www.nber.org/papers/w17078
Lusardi, A., Mitchell, O. y Curto, V. (2010). Financial literacy among the young. Journal of Consumer Affairs, 44(2), 358-380. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6606.2010.01173.x
Lusardi, A. y Tufano, P. (2015). Debt literacy, financial experiences, and overindebtedness. Journal of Pension Economics and Finance, 14(4), 332-368. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1474747215000232
Mandell, L. (2011). Financial literacy: If it’s so important, why isn’t it improving? SSRN Electronic Journal. Networks Financial Institute Policy Brief N.o 2006-PB-08. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.923557
Remund, D. (2010). Financial literacy explicated: The case for a clearer definition in an increasingly complex economy. Journal of Consumer Affairs, 44(2), 276-295. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6606.2010.01169.x
Robillard, J. (2018). Millennial attitudes towards financial advisors and emerging investment technologies. Thesis or dissertation. University of Pennsylvania. Recuperado el 14 de abril de 2020, de: https://repository.upenn.edu/wharton_research_scholars/171
Schultz, T. (1961). Investment in human capital. The American Economic Review, 51(1), 1-17.
Servon, L. y Kaestner, R. (2008). Consumer Financial Literacy and the Impact of Online Banking on the Financial Behavior of Lower- Income Bank Customers. Journal of Consumer Affairs, 42(2), 271- 305. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6606.2008.00108.x
van Rooij, M., Lusardi, A. y Alessie, R. (2011). Financial literacy and retirement planning in the Netherlands. Journal of Economic Psychology, 32(4), 593-608. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joep.2011.02.004
Villagómez, A. e Hidalgo, J. (2017). Financial literacy and mathematics: A study among young Mexican high school students. Revista Mexicana de Economía y Finanzas, 12(2), 1-22. https://doi.org/10.21919/remef.v12i2.88
Vitt, L., Kent, J., Lyter, D., Siegenthaler, J. y Ward, J. (2000). Personal finance and the rush to competence: Financial literacy education in the U.S. Recuperado el 26 de abril de 2020, de: http://www.isfs.org/documents-pdfs/rep-finliteracy.pdf
Wilmoth, D. (2016). The missing millennial entrepreneurs. Small Business Administration Office of Advocacy. Economic Research Series. Recuperado el 14 de abril de2020, de: https://n9.cl/s4qm
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Articles are the sole responsibility of their authors, and will not compromise Icesi’s University principles or policies nor those of the Editorial Board of the journal Estudios Gerenciales. Authors authorize and accept the transfer of all rights to the journal, both for its print and electronic publication. After an article is published, it may be reproduced without previous permission of the author or the journal but the author(s), year, title, volume, number and range of pages of the publication must be mentioned. In addition, Estudios Gerenciales must be mentioned as the source (please, refrain from using Revista Estudios Gerenciales).