Análise da convergência de avaliação de índices de responsabilidade social corporativa no contexto da empresa brasileira

Autores

  • Maria Rafaela de Oliveira Freitas Analista Judiciário, Secretaria de Planejamento e Gestão, Tribunal de Justiça do Estado do Ceará, Fortaleza, Brasil. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4811-378X
  • Vicente Lima Crisóstomo Professor Associado, Faculdade de Economia, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, Brasil. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8593-0471

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18046/j.estger.2021.160.3955

Palavras-chave:

responsabilidade social corporativa, avaliação em índices, convergência de índices

Resumo

Este trabalho investiga se há convergência de avaliação da empresa brasileira em índices de Responsabilidade Social Corporativa (RSC). Procedeu-se a análise qualitativa e quantitativa de 1.007 observações de empresas brasileiras avaliadas pelos índices de RSC durante 2013-2017: Índice de Sustentabilidade Empresarial (ISE), Merco Empresas de Reputação Corporativa (MERCO RP), Merco Responsabilidade Social e Governança Corporativa (MERCO RS/GC), e índices de RSC das agências CSRHub e Thomson Reuters. Os resultados indicam que tais índices, embora apresentem metodologias específicas, estão positivamente correlacionados, indicando haver convergência na avaliação do desempenho em RSC da empresa brasileira, sinalizando que o processo de avaliação dos índices parece consistente.

Downloads

Os dados de download ainda não estão disponíveis.

Referências

Antolín-López, R., Delgado-Ceballos, J., & Montiel, I. (2016). Deconstructing corporate sustainability: a comparison of different stakeholder metrics. Journal of Cleaner Production, 136, 5-17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.01.111

BM&FBOVESPA. (2016). Índice de Sustentabilidade Empresarial - ISE 10 Anos. Recuperado em 19 de novembro de 2018, de: http://mediadrawer.gvces.com.br/publicacoes/original/ise10anos_v-03-16-1.pdf

Bouten, L., Cho, C. H., Michelon, G., & Roberts, R. W. (2017). CSR Performance Proxies in Large-Sample Studies: 'Umbrella Advocates', Construct Clarity and the 'Validity Police'. Recuperado em 19 de novembro de 2018, de: http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3107182

Bouvain, P., Baumann, C., & Lundmark, E. (2013). Corporate social responsibility in financial services: A comparison of Chinese and East Asian banks vis-à-vis American banks. International Journal of Bank Marketing, 31(6), 420-439. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJBM-05-2012-0054

Byrne, E. F. (2010). The U.S. Military-Industrial Complex is Circumstantially Unethical. Journal of Business Ethics, 95(2), 153- 165. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-009-0361-0

Cai, Y., Jo, H., & Pan, C. (2012). Doing Well While Doing Bad? CSR in Controversial Industry Sectors. Journal of Business Ethics, 108(4), 467-480. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-011-1103-7

Carroll, A. B., & Shabana, K. M. (2010). The Business Case for Corporate Social Responsibility: A Review of Concepts, Research and Practice. International Journal of Management Reviews, 12(1), 85-105. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2370.2009.00275.x

Chatterji, A., & Levine, D. I. (2006). Breaking Down the Wall of Codes: Evaluating Non-Financial Performance Measurement. California Management Review, 48(2), 29-51.

Chatterji, A. K., Durand, R., Levine, D. I., & Touboul, S. (2016). Do ratings of firms converge? Implications for managers, investors and strategy researchers. Strategic Management Journal, 37(8), 1597-1614. https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.2407

Chatterji, A. K., & Toffel, M. W. (2010). How firms respond to being rated. Strategic Management Journal, 31(9), 917-945. https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.840

Ching Hong, Y. (2017). Sustainability reports in Brazil through the lens of signaling, legitimacy and stakeholder theories. Social Responsibility Journal, 13(1), 95-110. https://doi.org/10.1108/SRJ-10-2015-0147

Crilly, D., Zollo, M., & Hansen, M. T. (2012). Faking It or Muddling Through? Understanding Decoupling in Response to Stakeholder Pressures. Academy of Management Journal, 55(6), 1429-1448. https://doi.org/10.5465/amj.2010.0697

Crisóstomo, V. L., Carneiro, C. M. B., & Gomes, L. A. S. (2018). Analysis of the evolution of the adhesion to the Corporate Sustainability Index (ISE). Brazilian Journal of Management, 11(Edição Especial - XIX ENGEMA/I AMAS), 772-794. https://doi.org/10.5902/1983465931879

Crisóstomo, V. L., Freire, F. S., & Freitas, M. R. O. (2020). Determinants of corporate sustainability performance - evidence from Brazilian panel data. Social Responsibility Journal, 16(8), 1053-1072. https://doi.org/10.1108/SRJ-04-2018-0102

Crisóstomo, V. L., & Oliveira, M. R. (2016). An Analysis of the Determinants of Corporate Social Responsibility of Brazilian Firms. BBR - Brazilian Business Review, 13(4), 72-93. https://doi.org/10.15728/bbr.2016.13.4.4

Crisóstomo, V. L., Prudêncio, P. A., & Forte, H. C. (2017). An Analysis of the Adherence to GRI for Disclosing Information on Social Action and Sustainability Concerns. In A. Belal & S. Cooper (Eds.), Advances in Environmental Accounting & Management: Social and Environmental Accounting in Brazil (vol 6, pp. 69-103). Bingley: Emerald Publishing Limited. https://doi.org/10.1108/S1479-359820160000006002

CSRHUB. (2018). CSRHUB - Consensus ESG Ratings. Recuperado em 19 de novembro de 2018, de: https://esg.csrhub.com/about-csrhub

Čuček, L., Klemeš, J. J., & Kravanja, Z. (2012). A Review of Footprint analysis tools for monitoring impacts on sustainability. Journal of Cleaner Production, 34, 9-20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2012.02.036

Cunha, F. A. F. S., & Samanez, C. P. (2013). Performance Analysis of Sustainable Investments in the Brazilian Stock Market: A Study About the Corporate Sustainability Index (ISE). Journal of Business Ethics, 117(1), 19-36. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-012-1484-2

Deegan, C. (2002). The legitimising effect of social and environmental disclosures - a theoretical foundation. Accounting, Auditing & Accountability Journal, 15(3), 282-311. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09513570210435852

Delmas, M., & Blass, V. D. (2010). Measuring corporate environmental performance: the trade-offs of sustainability ratings. Business Strategy and the Environment, 19(4), 245-260. https://doi.org/10.1002/bse.676

Delmas, M. A., Etzion, D., & Nairn-Birch, N. (2013). Triangulating Environmental Performance: What Do Corporate Social Responsibility Ratings Really Capture? Academy of Management Perspectives, 27(3), 255-267. http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/amp.2012.0123

Dorfleitner, G., Halbritter, G., & Nguyen, M. (2015). Measuring the level and risk of corporate responsibility - An empirical comparison of different ESG rating approaches. Journal of Asset Management, 16(7), 450-466. https://doi.org/10.1057/jam.2015.31

Dorfleitner, G., & Utz, S. (2012). Safety first portfolio choice based on financial and sustainability returns. European Journal of Operational Research, 221(1), 155-164. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejor.2012.02.034

Dowling, J. B., & Pfeffer, J. (1975). Organizational legitimacy: Social values and organizational behavior. Pacific Sociological Review, 18(1), 122-136. https://doi.org/10.2307/1388226

Entine, J. (2003). The Myth of Social Investing:A Critique of its Practice and Consequences for Corporate Social Performance Research. Organization & Environment, 16(3), 352-368. https://doi.org/10.1177/1086026603256283

Espeland, W. N., & Sauder, M. (2007). Rankings and Reactivity: How Public Measures Recreate Social Worlds. American Journal of Sociology, 113(1), 1-40. https://doi.org/10.1086/517897

Fombrun, C., & Shanley, M. (1990). What's in a Name? Reputation Building and Corporate Strategy. The Academy of Management Journal, 33(2), 233-258. https://doi.org/10.2307/256324

Fowler, S. J., & Hope, C. (2007). A Critical Review of Sustainable Business Indices and their Impact. Journal of Business Ethics, 76(3), 243-252. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-007-9590-2

Freeman, R. E. (1994). The politics of stakeholders theory: some future directions. Business Ethics Quarterly, 4(4), 409-422. https://doi.org/10.2307/3857340

Freeman, R. E., & Phillips, R. A. (2002). Stakeholder Theory: A Libertarian Defense. Business Ethics Quarterly, 12(3), 331-349. https://doi.org/10.2307/3858020

Hedesström, M., Lundqvist, U., & Biel, A. (2011). Investigating consistency of judgement across sustainability analyst organizations. Sustainable Development, 19(2), 119-134. https://doi.org/10.1002/sd.511

Hsu, G., Roberts, P. W., & Swaminathan, A. (2012). Evaluative Schemas and the Mediating Role of Critics. Organization Science, 23(1), 83- 97. https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.1100.0630

IBASE. (2008). Balanço social, dez anos: o desafio da transparência. Rio de Janeiro: Instituto Brasileiro de Análises Sociais e Econômicas (Ibase). Recuperado em 19 de novembro de 2019, de: http://www2.senado.leg.br/bdsf/handle/id/102804

Jo, H., & Harjoto, M. A. (2011). Corporate Governance and Firm Value: The Impact of Corporate Social Responsibility. Journal of Business Ethics, 103(3), 351-383. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-011-0869-y

Kinder, P. D., & Domini, A. L. (1997). Social Screening: Paradigms Old and New. The Journal of Investing, 6(4), 12-19. https://doi.org/10.3905/joi.1997.408443

Lindgreen, A., Maon, F., Reast, J., & Yani-De-Soriano, M. (2012). Guest Editorial: Corporate Social Responsibility in Controversial Industry Sectors. Journal of Business Ethics, 110(4), 393-395. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-012-1488-y

Marcondes, A. W., & Bacarji, C. D. (2010). ISE - Sustentabilidade no Mercado de Capitais (1 ed. Vol. 1). São Paulo: Report Editora LTDA.

Martikainen, T., Perttunen, J., Yli-Olli, P., & Gunasekaran, A. (1995). Financial ratio distribution irregularities: Implications for ratio classification. European Journal of Operational Research, 80(1), 34- 44. https://doi.org/10.1016/0377-2217(93)E0134-J

MERCO. (2018). Monitor Empresarial de Reputação Corporativa: Qué es merco? Recuperado em 19 de novembro de 2018, de: https://www.merco.info/br/que-es-merco#!

Odriozola, M. D., Martín, A., & Luna, L. (2015). The relationship between labour social responsibility practices and reputation. International Journal of Manpower, 36(2), 236-251. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJM-03-2013-0039

Orsato, R. J., Garcia, A., Mendes-Da-Silva, W., Simonetti, R., & Monzoni, M. (2015). Sustainability indexes: why join in? A study of the ‘Corporate Sustainability Index (ISE)’ in Brazil. Journal of Cleaner Production, 96, 161-170. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2014.10.071

Palazzo, G., & Scherer, A. G. (2006). Corporate Legitimacy as Deliberation: A Communicative Framework. Journal of Business Ethics, 66(1), 71-88. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-006-9044-2

Ramus, C. A., & Montiel, I. (2005). When Are Corporate Environmental Policies a Form of Greenwashing? Business & Society, 44(4), 377- 414. https://doi.org/10.1177/0007650305278120

Roca, L. C., & Searcy, C. (2012). An analysis of indicators disclosed in corporate sustainability reports. Journal of Cleaner Production, 20(1), 103-118. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2011.08.002

Royston, J. P. (1982). An Extension of Shapiro and Wilk's W Test for Normality to Large Samples. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society. Series C (Applied Statistics), 31(2), 115-124. https://doi.org/10.2307/2347973

Saadaoui, K., & Soobaroyen, T. (2018). An analysis of the methodologies adopted by CSR rating agencies. Sustainability Accounting, Management and Policy Journal, 9(1), 43-62. https://doi.org/10.1108/SAMPJ-06-2016-0031

Scalet, S., & Kelly, T. F. (2010). CSR Rating Agencies:What is Their Global Impact? Journal of Business Ethics, 94(1), 69-88. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-009-0250-6

Sharfman, M. (1996). The construct validity of the Kinder, Lydenberg & Domini social performance ratings data. Journal of Business Ethics, 15, 287-296. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00382954

Statman, M., Thorley, S., & Vorkink, K. (2006). Investor Overconfidence and Trading Volume. The Review of Financial Studies, 19(4), 1531- 1565. https://doi.org/10.1093/rfs/hhj032

THOMSON-REUTERS. (2017). Thomson Reuters ESG Scores. Recuperado em 19 de novembro de 2018, de: http://www.esade.edu/itemsweb/biblioteca/bbdd/inbbdd/archivos/Thomson_Reuters_ESG_Scores.pdf

Vogt, M., Hein, N., Rosa, F. S., & Degenhart, L. (2017). Relationship between determinant factors of disclosure of information on environmental impacts of Brazilian companies. Estudios Gerenciales, 33(142), 24-38. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.estger.2016.10.007

Windolph, S. E. (2011). Assessing Corporate Sustainability Through Ratings: Challenges and Their Causes. Journal of Environmental Sustainability, 1(1), 37-57. https://doi.org/10.14448/jes.01.0005

Zhong, M., Xu, R., Liao, X., & Zhang, S. (2019). Do CSR Ratings Converge in China? A Comparison Between RKS and Hexun Scores. Sustainability, 11(14), 3921. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11143921

Zicari, A. (2017). Sustainability Indices in Latin America: Can Financial Markets Push for CSR? Corporate Social Responsibility and Corporate Governance (vol. 11, pp. 3-20). Bingley: Emerald Publishing Limited . https://doi.org/10.1108/S2043-052320170000011001

Publicado

2021-05-19

Edição

Seção

Artigos de pesquisa

Como Citar

Análise da convergência de avaliação de índices de responsabilidade social corporativa no contexto da empresa brasileira. (2021). Estudios Gerenciales, 37(160), 349-363. https://doi.org/10.18046/j.estger.2021.160.3955