Beyond the approaches: tendencies in Clinical Psychology that transcend theoretical barriers
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18046/retf.i11.2684Keywords:
Integración en psicoterapia, Transdiagnóstico, Epistemología compleja, Enfoques teóricos, Revisión.Abstract
The exert of Clinical Psychology can be found in the middle of plurality and diversity, both of practices and theories. This paper presents the context in which the contemporary development of this discipline elapses, emphasizing that the approach barriers have been tried to be blurred almost as soon as they appeared. This is why it is a mistake to educate the students in the mutual exclusion of theoretical approaches (namely psychodynamic, behavioral, cognitive, cognitive-behavioral, humanistic/existential, systemic, etc.). An introduction about the ‘approaches problem’, and certain considerations about the threat of pseudoscience are provided, to continue with a review of some tendencies that, in the frame of science, transcend the theoretical barriers in which plenty of times psychology students are trained. The concepts of transtheoretic and transdiagnostic, evidence-based treatments and practice (EBTs and EBP), and some techniques and models that meet these characteristics. The application of complexity theories and complex epistemology into Clinical Psychology are briefly discussed.
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References
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Brown, J. (2015). Specific techniques vs. Common factors? Psychotherapy integration and its role in ethical practice. American Journal of Psychotherapy, 69(3), 301–316.
Castro, L. (2011). Modelo integrador en psicopatología: un enfoque transdiagnóstico. In V. E. Caballo, I. C. Salazar, & J. A. Carrobles (Eds.), Manual de psicopatología y trastornos psicológicos. Madrid: Ediciones Pirámide.
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Downing, J. N. (2004). Psychotherapy practice in a pluralistic world: Philosophical and moral dilemmas. Journal of Psychotherapy Integration, 14(2), 123–148. http://doi.org/10.1037/1053-0479.14.2.123
Follette, V. M., & Hazlett-Stevens, H. (2016). Mindfulness and acceptance theories. In J. C. Norcross, G. R. VandenBos, & D. K. Freedheim (Eds.), APA handbook of Clinical psychology: Theory and research (Vol. 2, pp. 273–302). American Psychological Association. http://doi.org/10.1037/14773-010
Hayes, S. C. (2016). Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, Relational Frame Theory, and the Third Wave of Behavioral and Cognitive Therapies – Republished Article. Behavior Therapy, 47(6), 869–885. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.beth.2016.11.006
Hayes, S. C., Strosahl, K. D., & Wilson, K. G. (1999). Acceptance and commitment therapy: An experiential approach to behavior change. New York: The Guilford Press.
Herbert, J. D., Lilienfeld, S. O., Lohr, J. M., Montgomery, R. W., O’Donohue, W. T., Rosen, G. M., & Tolin, D. F. (2000). Science and pseudoscience in the development of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing: Implications for clinical psychology. Clinical Psychology Review, 20(8), 945–971. http://doi.org/10.1016/S0272-7358(99)00017-3
Hofmann, S. G. (2013). Bridging the theory-practice gap by getting even bolder with the boulder model. Behavior Therapy, 44(4), 603–608. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.beth.2013.04.006
Ilardi, S. S., & Feldman, D. (2001). The Cognitive Neuroscience Paradigm: A Unifying Metatheoretical Framework for the Science and Practice of Clinical Psychology. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 57(9), 1067–1088.
Jaramillo, J. C. (2009). Consideraciones identitarias para una psicología fundada en la epistemología compleja. International Journal of Psychological Research, 2(2), 158–166.
Jaramillo, J. C., Escobar, A., & Sandoval, C. (2015). Aproximaciones a una clínica psicológica y su método , fundamentada en la epistemología compleja y adecuada a contextos postmodernos. Revista CES Psicología, 8(1), 134–154.
Johnson, P., & Cassell, C. (2001). Epistemology and work psychology: new agendas. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 74(2), 125–143. http://doi.org/10.1348/096317901167280
Kabat-Zinn, J. (2003). Mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR). Constructivism in the Human Sciences, 8(2), 73–107. Retrieved from http://lcproxy.shu.ac.uk/login?url=https://search.proquest.com/docview/620535552?accountid=13827%0Ahttp://shulinks.shu.ac.uk/?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&genre=article&sid=ProQ:ProQ%3Apsycinfo&atitle=Mindfulness-based+stre
Katsikis, D. (2014). Evidence-based research: the importance for the present and future of evidence-based practice. Journal of Evidence-Based Psychotherapies, 14(2), 259–270. Retrieved from http://library.gcu.edu:2048/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=a9h&AN=98776731&site=eds-live&scope=site
Kazdin, A. E. (2008). Evidence-based treatment and practice: New opportunities to bridge clinical research and practice, enhance the knowledge base, and improve patient care. American Psychologist, 63(3), 146–159. http://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.63.3.146
Kim, H., & Eaton, N. R. (2015). The hierarchical structure of common mental disorders: Connecting multiple levels of comorbidity, bifactor models, and predictive validity. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 124(4), 1064–1078. http://doi.org/10.1037/abn0000113
Lilienfeld, S. O., Lynn, S. J., & Lohr, J. M. (2015). Science and Pseudoscience in Clinical Psychology. New York: The Guilford Press.
Lilienfeld, S. O., Ritschel, L. A., Lynn, S. J., Cautin, R. L., & Latzman, R. D. (2013). Why many clinical psychologists are resistant to evidence-based practice: Root causes and constructive remedies. Clinical Psychology Review, 33(7), 883–900. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2012.09.008
Linehan, M. M. (1993). Cognitive-Behavioral Treatment of Borderline Personality Disorder. New York: The Guilford Press.
Linehan, M. M. (2015). DBT Skills Training Manual (Second Edition). New York: The Guilford Press. http://doi.org/10.1093/alcalc/agv004
Maldonado, C. E. (2009). La complejidad es un problema, no una cosmovisión. UCM Revista de Investigación, (13), 42–54.
Maldonado, C. E., & Gómez, N. A. (2010). El mundo de las ciencias de la complejidad. Un estado del arte. Bogotá: Editorial Universidad del Rosario.
Mariñelarena-Dondena, L. (2008). Psicología positiva y modelos integrativos en psicoterapia. Fundamentos En Humanidades, 9(28), 55–69.
Morin, E. (1996). A New Way of Thinking. The Unesco Courier. Secrets of Complexity, 2, 10–14.
Munné, F. (2005). ¿Qué es la complejidad? Encuentros de Psicología Social, 3(2), 6–17.
Norcross, J. C., Goldfried, M. R., & Arigo, D. (2016). Integrative Theories. In J. C. Norcross, G. R. VandenBos, & D. K. Freedheim (Eds.), APA Handbook of Clinical Psychology: Theory and Research (Vol. 2, pp. 303–332). American Psychological Association.
Olatunji, B. O., Parker, L. M., & Lohr, J. M. (2005). Pseudoscience in contemporary psychology: Professional issues and implications. The Scientific Review of Mental Health Practice, 4(2), 19–36. Retrieved from http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=psyh&AN=2008-00021-006&site=ehost-live%5Cnoolatun@mail.uark.edu
Opazo, R. (1997). In the Hurricane’s Eye: A Supraparadigmatic Integrative Model. Journal of Psychotherapy Integration, 7(1), 17–54. http://doi.org/10.1037/h0101136
Paris, J. (2013). How the history of psychotherapy interferes with integration. Journal of Psychotherapy Integration, 23(2), 99–106. http://doi.org/10.1037/a0031419
Ritschel, L. A., Lim, N. E., & Stewart, L. M. (2015). Transdiagnostic applications of DBT for adolescents and adults. American Journal of Psychotherapy, 69(2), 111–128. http://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/17506200710779521
Ruiz, F. (2010). A review of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) empirical evidence: Correlation, experimental, psychopathology, component and outcome studies. International Journal of Psychology and Psychological Therapy, 10, 125–162. http://doi.org/10.1080/028457199439937
Sexton, T. L., & Stanton, M. (2016). Systems Theories. In J. C. Norcross, G. R. VandenBos, & D. K. Freedheim (Eds.), APA Handbook of Clinical Psychology: Theory and Research (Vol. 2, pp. 213–239). American Psychological Association. http://doi.org/10.4135/9781412958479
Shapiro, S. L. (2009). The Integration of Mindfulness and Psychology. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 65(6), 555–560. http://doi.org/10.1002/jclp
Siegel, R. D. (2011). La Solución Mindfulness. Prácticas cotidianas para problemas cotidianos. (B. Moreno, Ed.). Bilbao: Desclée De Brouwer, S. A.
Siegel, R. D., Germer, C. K., & Olendzki, A. (2008). Mindfulness: What is it? Where Does It Come From? In F. Didonna (Ed.), Clinical Handbook of Mindfulness (pp. 17–35). New York: Springer. http://doi.org/10.1080/14639947.2011.564813
Simón, V. (2010). Mindfulness y psicología: presente y futuro. Informació Psicològica, 100, 162–170. Retrieved from http://dialnet.unirioja.es/descarga/articulo/3642934.pdf%5Cnhttp://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/extart?codigo=3642934
Skinner, B. F. (1971). Beyond Freedom & Dignity. Indianapolis: Hackett Publishing Company.
Stoddard, J. A., & Afari, N. (2014). The Big Book of ACT Metaphors. A practitioner’s Guide to Experiential Exercises & Metaphors in Acceptance & Commitment Therapy. Oakland: New Harbinger Publications.
Tryon, W. W. (2014). Cognitive neuroscience and psychotherapy: Network principles for a unified theory. New York: Academic Press.
Tryon, W. W. (2016a). Psychotherapy Integration via Theoretical Unification. International Journal of Integrative Psychotherapy, 7, 1–26. Retrieved from http://integrative-journal.com/index.php/ijip/article/view/106
Tryon, W. W. (2016b). Transtheoretic transdiagnostic psychotherapy. Journal of Psychotherapy Integration, 26(3), 273–287. http://doi.org/10.1037/a0040041
Wachtel, P. L. (1982). What can dynamic therapies contribute to behavior therapy? Behavior Therapy, 13(5), 594–609.
Wachtel, P. L. (1991). From electicism to synthesis toward a more seamless psychotherapeutic integration. Journal of Psychotherapy Integration, 1(1), 43–54. http://doi.org/1053-0479/91/0300-0043506.500
Wachtel, P. L. (2014). On the limits of theoretical fundamentalism. Journal of Psychotherapy Integration, 24(2), 95–98. http://doi.org/10.1037/a0036973
Wachtel, P. L. (2017). Pathways to Progress for Integrative Psychotherapy: Perspectives on Practice and Research. Journal of Psychotherapy Integration. Advance online publication. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/int0000089
Wilson, K. G., & Luciano, M. C. (2002). Terapia de Aceptación y Compromiso (ACT). Un tratamiento conductual orientado a los valores. Madrid: Ediciones Pirámide.
Winston, C. N. (2015). Points of Convergence and Divergence Between Existential and Humanistic Psychology: A Few Observations. Humanistic Psychologist, 43(1), 40–53. http://doi.org/10.1080/08873267.2014.993067
Wolf, A. W. (2003). Pragmatism, Pluralism, and Psychotherapy Relationships: An Interview with John C. Norcross, Ph.D. Journal of Contemporary Psychotherapy, 33(2), 129–143. http://doi.org/10.1023/A:1022887205178
Anchin, J. C. (2008). Pursuing a unifying paradigm for psychotherapy: Tasks, dialectical considerations, and biopsychosocial systems metatheory. Journal of Psychotherapy Integration, 18(3), 310–349. http://doi.org/10.1037/a0013557
APA Presidential Task Force on Evidence-Based Practice. (2006). Evidence-based practice in psychology. American Psychologist, 61, 271–285. http://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.20384
Boswell, J. F. (2017). Psychotherapy Integration: Research, Practice, and Training at the Leading Edge. Journal of Psychotherapy Integration, 27(2), 225–235. http://doi.org/10.1037/int0000055
Brown, J. (2015). Specific techniques vs. Common factors? Psychotherapy integration and its role in ethical practice. American Journal of Psychotherapy, 69(3), 301–316.
Castro, L. (2011). Modelo integrador en psicopatología: un enfoque transdiagnóstico. In V. E. Caballo, I. C. Salazar, & J. A. Carrobles (Eds.), Manual de psicopatología y trastornos psicológicos. Madrid: Ediciones Pirámide.
Chorpita, B. F., Miranda, J., & Bernstein, A. (2011). Creating Public Health Policy: The Dissemination of Evidenced Based Psychological Interventions. In D. H. Barlow (Ed.), The Oxford Handbook of Clinical Psychology (pp. 210–220). New York: Oxford University Press.
Downing, J. N. (2004). Psychotherapy practice in a pluralistic world: Philosophical and moral dilemmas. Journal of Psychotherapy Integration, 14(2), 123–148. http://doi.org/10.1037/1053-0479.14.2.123
Follette, V. M., & Hazlett-Stevens, H. (2016). Mindfulness and acceptance theories. In J. C. Norcross, G. R. VandenBos, & D. K. Freedheim (Eds.), APA handbook of Clinical psychology: Theory and research (Vol. 2, pp. 273–302). American Psychological Association. http://doi.org/10.1037/14773-010
Hayes, S. C. (2016). Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, Relational Frame Theory, and the Third Wave of Behavioral and Cognitive Therapies – Republished Article. Behavior Therapy, 47(6), 869–885. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.beth.2016.11.006
Hayes, S. C., Strosahl, K. D., & Wilson, K. G. (1999). Acceptance and commitment therapy: An experiential approach to behavior change. New York: The Guilford Press.
Herbert, J. D., Lilienfeld, S. O., Lohr, J. M., Montgomery, R. W., O’Donohue, W. T., Rosen, G. M., & Tolin, D. F. (2000). Science and pseudoscience in the development of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing: Implications for clinical psychology. Clinical Psychology Review, 20(8), 945–971. http://doi.org/10.1016/S0272-7358(99)00017-3
Hofmann, S. G. (2013). Bridging the theory-practice gap by getting even bolder with the boulder model. Behavior Therapy, 44(4), 603–608. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.beth.2013.04.006
Ilardi, S. S., & Feldman, D. (2001). The Cognitive Neuroscience Paradigm: A Unifying Metatheoretical Framework for the Science and Practice of Clinical Psychology. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 57(9), 1067–1088.
Jaramillo, J. C. (2009). Consideraciones identitarias para una psicología fundada en la epistemología compleja. International Journal of Psychological Research, 2(2), 158–166.
Jaramillo, J. C., Escobar, A., & Sandoval, C. (2015). Aproximaciones a una clínica psicológica y su método , fundamentada en la epistemología compleja y adecuada a contextos postmodernos. Revista CES Psicología, 8(1), 134–154.
Johnson, P., & Cassell, C. (2001). Epistemology and work psychology: new agendas. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 74(2), 125–143. http://doi.org/10.1348/096317901167280
Kabat-Zinn, J. (2003). Mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR). Constructivism in the Human Sciences, 8(2), 73–107. Retrieved from http://lcproxy.shu.ac.uk/login?url=https://search.proquest.com/docview/620535552?accountid=13827%0Ahttp://shulinks.shu.ac.uk/?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&genre=article&sid=ProQ:ProQ%3Apsycinfo&atitle=Mindfulness-based+stre
Katsikis, D. (2014). Evidence-based research: the importance for the present and future of evidence-based practice. Journal of Evidence-Based Psychotherapies, 14(2), 259–270. Retrieved from http://library.gcu.edu:2048/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=a9h&AN=98776731&site=eds-live&scope=site
Kazdin, A. E. (2008). Evidence-based treatment and practice: New opportunities to bridge clinical research and practice, enhance the knowledge base, and improve patient care. American Psychologist, 63(3), 146–159. http://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.63.3.146
Kim, H., & Eaton, N. R. (2015). The hierarchical structure of common mental disorders: Connecting multiple levels of comorbidity, bifactor models, and predictive validity. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 124(4), 1064–1078. http://doi.org/10.1037/abn0000113
Lilienfeld, S. O., Lynn, S. J., & Lohr, J. M. (2015). Science and Pseudoscience in Clinical Psychology. New York: The Guilford Press.
Lilienfeld, S. O., Ritschel, L. A., Lynn, S. J., Cautin, R. L., & Latzman, R. D. (2013). Why many clinical psychologists are resistant to evidence-based practice: Root causes and constructive remedies. Clinical Psychology Review, 33(7), 883–900. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2012.09.008
Linehan, M. M. (1993). Cognitive-Behavioral Treatment of Borderline Personality Disorder. New York: The Guilford Press.
Linehan, M. M. (2015). DBT Skills Training Manual (Second Edition). New York: The Guilford Press. http://doi.org/10.1093/alcalc/agv004
Maldonado, C. E. (2009). La complejidad es un problema, no una cosmovisión. UCM Revista de Investigación, (13), 42–54.
Maldonado, C. E., & Gómez, N. A. (2010). El mundo de las ciencias de la complejidad. Un estado del arte. Bogotá: Editorial Universidad del Rosario.
Mariñelarena-Dondena, L. (2008). Psicología positiva y modelos integrativos en psicoterapia. Fundamentos En Humanidades, 9(28), 55–69.
Morin, E. (1996). A New Way of Thinking. The Unesco Courier. Secrets of Complexity, 2, 10–14.
Munné, F. (2005). ¿Qué es la complejidad? Encuentros de Psicología Social, 3(2), 6–17.
Norcross, J. C., Goldfried, M. R., & Arigo, D. (2016). Integrative Theories. In J. C. Norcross, G. R. VandenBos, & D. K. Freedheim (Eds.), APA Handbook of Clinical Psychology: Theory and Research (Vol. 2, pp. 303–332). American Psychological Association.
Olatunji, B. O., Parker, L. M., & Lohr, J. M. (2005). Pseudoscience in contemporary psychology: Professional issues and implications. The Scientific Review of Mental Health Practice, 4(2), 19–36. Retrieved from http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=psyh&AN=2008-00021-006&site=ehost-live%5Cnoolatun@mail.uark.edu
Opazo, R. (1997). In the Hurricane’s Eye: A Supraparadigmatic Integrative Model. Journal of Psychotherapy Integration, 7(1), 17–54. http://doi.org/10.1037/h0101136
Paris, J. (2013). How the history of psychotherapy interferes with integration. Journal of Psychotherapy Integration, 23(2), 99–106. http://doi.org/10.1037/a0031419
Ritschel, L. A., Lim, N. E., & Stewart, L. M. (2015). Transdiagnostic applications of DBT for adolescents and adults. American Journal of Psychotherapy, 69(2), 111–128. http://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/17506200710779521
Ruiz, F. (2010). A review of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) empirical evidence: Correlation, experimental, psychopathology, component and outcome studies. International Journal of Psychology and Psychological Therapy, 10, 125–162. http://doi.org/10.1080/028457199439937
Sexton, T. L., & Stanton, M. (2016). Systems Theories. In J. C. Norcross, G. R. VandenBos, & D. K. Freedheim (Eds.), APA Handbook of Clinical Psychology: Theory and Research (Vol. 2, pp. 213–239). American Psychological Association. http://doi.org/10.4135/9781412958479
Shapiro, S. L. (2009). The Integration of Mindfulness and Psychology. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 65(6), 555–560. http://doi.org/10.1002/jclp
Siegel, R. D. (2011). La Solución Mindfulness. Prácticas cotidianas para problemas cotidianos. (B. Moreno, Ed.). Bilbao: Desclée De Brouwer, S. A.
Siegel, R. D., Germer, C. K., & Olendzki, A. (2008). Mindfulness: What is it? Where Does It Come From? In F. Didonna (Ed.), Clinical Handbook of Mindfulness (pp. 17–35). New York: Springer. http://doi.org/10.1080/14639947.2011.564813
Simón, V. (2010). Mindfulness y psicología: presente y futuro. Informació Psicològica, 100, 162–170. Retrieved from http://dialnet.unirioja.es/descarga/articulo/3642934.pdf%5Cnhttp://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/extart?codigo=3642934
Skinner, B. F. (1971). Beyond Freedom & Dignity. Indianapolis: Hackett Publishing Company.
Stoddard, J. A., & Afari, N. (2014). The Big Book of ACT Metaphors. A practitioner’s Guide to Experiential Exercises & Metaphors in Acceptance & Commitment Therapy. Oakland: New Harbinger Publications.
Tryon, W. W. (2014). Cognitive neuroscience and psychotherapy: Network principles for a unified theory. New York: Academic Press.
Tryon, W. W. (2016a). Psychotherapy Integration via Theoretical Unification. International Journal of Integrative Psychotherapy, 7, 1–26. Retrieved from http://integrative-journal.com/index.php/ijip/article/view/106
Tryon, W. W. (2016b). Transtheoretic transdiagnostic psychotherapy. Journal of Psychotherapy Integration, 26(3), 273–287. http://doi.org/10.1037/a0040041
Wachtel, P. L. (1982). What can dynamic therapies contribute to behavior therapy? Behavior Therapy, 13(5), 594–609.
Wachtel, P. L. (1991). From electicism to synthesis toward a more seamless psychotherapeutic integration. Journal of Psychotherapy Integration, 1(1), 43–54. http://doi.org/1053-0479/91/0300-0043506.500
Wachtel, P. L. (2014). On the limits of theoretical fundamentalism. Journal of Psychotherapy Integration, 24(2), 95–98. http://doi.org/10.1037/a0036973
Wachtel, P. L. (2017). Pathways to Progress for Integrative Psychotherapy: Perspectives on Practice and Research. Journal of Psychotherapy Integration. Advance online publication. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/int0000089
Wilson, K. G., & Luciano, M. C. (2002). Terapia de Aceptación y Compromiso (ACT). Un tratamiento conductual orientado a los valores. Madrid: Ediciones Pirámide.
Winston, C. N. (2015). Points of Convergence and Divergence Between Existential and Humanistic Psychology: A Few Observations. Humanistic Psychologist, 43(1), 40–53. http://doi.org/10.1080/08873267.2014.993067
Wolf, A. W. (2003). Pragmatism, Pluralism, and Psychotherapy Relationships: An Interview with John C. Norcross, Ph.D. Journal of Contemporary Psychotherapy, 33(2), 129–143. http://doi.org/10.1023/A:1022887205178
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2018-03-24
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Beyond the approaches: tendencies in Clinical Psychology that transcend theoretical barriers. (2018). Trans-Pasando Fronteras, (11). https://doi.org/10.18046/retf.i11.2684
